Industrial
Elnabbe can conduct the ccs projects in the industrial sector in a cooperation with our partners
Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) projects in the industrial sector involve capturing CO₂ emissions from industrial processes, transporting the captured CO₂, and storing it securely in geological formations or utilizing it for other purposes. Industrial CCS is critical for decarbonizing hard-to-abate sectors such as cement, steel, chemicals, and refining. Below are the key processes involved in industrial CCS projects:
Elnabbe con do the following projects by the cooperation with our partners
1- Project Planning and Feasibility Assessment
- Identify Emission Sources: Determine the major sources of CO₂ emissions within the industrial facility (e.g., flue gases, process emissions).
- Feasibility Study: Assess the technical, economic, and regulatory feasibility of implementing CCS.
- Site Selection: Identify suitable storage sites (e.g., depleted oil and gas fields, saline aquifers) or utilization opportunities nearby.
2-CO₂ Capture
- Capture Technologies: Select the appropriate capture technology based on the industrial process and CO₂ concentration:
- Post-Combustion Capture: Use solvents (e.g., amine-based) to separate CO₂ from flue gases after combustion.
- Pre-Combustion Capture: Convert fossil fuels into syngas (CO + H₂), separate CO₂, and burn the remaining hydrogen.
- Oxy-Fuel Combustion: Burn fuels in pure oxygen to produce a concentrated CO₂ stream.
- Direct Air Capture (DAC): Capture CO₂ directly from the atmosphere (less common in industrial CCS).
- Pilot Testing: Conduct pilot projects to validate the chosen capture technology.
3-CO₂ Transportation
- Pipeline Networks: Transport CO₂ via pipelines to storage sites or utilization facilities. Repurpose existing infrastructure where possible.
- Shipping: Use ships for transporting CO₂ to offshore storage sites or distant utilization hubs.
- Safety Measures: Implement real-time monitoring and leak detection systems during transportation.
4-CO₂ Storage
- Geological Storage: Inject CO₂ into deep geological formations such as depleted oil and gas reservoirs or saline aquifers.
- Storage Site Characterization: Conduct detailed geological and geophysical surveys to ensure the site is suitable for long-term storage.
- Injection Process: Drill injection wells and inject CO₂ at high pressure, ensuring it is trapped by caprock and other mechanisms.
5-CO₂ Utilization (Optional)
- Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR): Inject CO₂ into oil fields to enhance oil production while storing CO₂.
- Chemical Production: Use CO₂ as a feedstock for producing chemicals (e.g., methanol, urea).
- Building Materials: Convert CO₂ into aggregates for construction materials (e.g., concrete).
- Fuels and Plastics: Synthesize synthetic fuels or polymers using CO₂.
6- Monitoring, Verification, and Reporting (MVR)
- Seismic Monitoring: Track the movement of CO₂ within the storage site using 4D seismic surveys.
- Well Monitoring: Monitor injection wells and nearby observation wells for pressure, temperature, and CO₂ concentration.
- Surface Monitoring: Detect potential leaks using soil gas surveys, atmospheric monitoring, and satellite imagery.
- Data Reporting: Regularly report monitoring data to regulators and stakeholders to ensure compliance and transparency.
7-Risk Management and Mitigation
- Leak Prevention: Design wells and storage sites to prevent CO₂ leakage.
- Contingency Plans: Develop emergency response plans for potential leaks or other incidents.
- Long-Term Liability Management: Establish protocols for long-term monitoring and liability transfer after site closure.
8-Regulatory and Permitting Processes
- Obtain necessary permits from regulatory authorities for capture, transportation, injection, and monitoring.
- Comply with national and international standards (e.g., ISO 27914 for geological storage).
9-Project Closure and Post-Closure Monitoring
- Site Closure: Properly seal and abandon injection wells after the project ends.
- Long-Term Monitoring: Continue monitoring the site for decades to ensure the CO₂ remains securely stored.
- Liability Transfer: Transfer responsibility for the site to a designated authority after demonstrating long-term stability.
10-Integration with Industrial Processes
- Cement Industry: Capture CO₂ from kiln emissions and utilize it in curing processes or mineral carbonation.
- Steel Industry: Capture CO₂ from blast furnace gases and integrate with hydrogen-based steelmaking.
- Chemicals and Refining: Capture CO₂ from process emissions and use it as a feedstock for chemical synthesis.
- Waste-to-Energy: Capture CO₂ from waste incineration and store or utilize it.
11-Economic and Policy Incentives
- Leverage carbon pricing, tax credits, or subsidies to improve project economics.
Participate in carbon markets or emission trading systems (ETS) to monetize CO₂ reductions